Enum in Dart

Enum In Dart

An enum is a special type that represents a fixed number of constant values. An enum is declared using the keyword enum followed by the enum’s name.

Syntax

enum enumName {
  constantName1,
  constantName2,
  constantName3,
  ...
  constantNameN
}

Example 1: Enum In Dart

In this example below, there is enum type named days. It contains seven constants days. The days enum type is used in the main() function.

enum days {
  Sunday,
  Monday,
  Tuesday,
  Wednesday,
  Thrusday,
  Friday,
  Saturday
}

void main() {
  var today = days.Friday;
  switch (today) {
    case days.Sunday:
      print("Today is Sunday.");
      break;
    case days.Monday:
      print("Today is Monday.");
      break;
    case days.Tuesday:
      print("Today is Tuesday.");
      break;
    case days.Wednesday:
      print("Today is Wednesday.");
      break;
    case days.Thursday:
      print("Today is Thursday.");
      break;
    case days.Friday:
      print("Today is Friday.");
      break;
    case days.Saturday:
      print("Today is Saturday.");
      break;
  }
}

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Example 2: Enum In Dart

In this example, there is an enum type named Gender. It contains three constants Male, Female, and Other. The Gender enum type is used in the Person class.

enum Gender { Male, Female, Other }

class Person {
  // Properties
  String? firstName;
  String? lastName;
  Gender? gender;

  // Constructor
  Person(this.firstName, this.lastName, this.gender);

  // display() method
  void display() {
    print("First Name: $firstName");
    print("Last Name: $lastName");
    print("Gender: $gender");
  }
}

void main() {
  Person p1 = Person("John", "Doe", Gender.Male);
  p1.display();

  Person p2 = Person("Menuka", "Sharma", Gender.Female);
  p2.display();
}

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How to Print All Enum Values

In this example, there is enum type named Days. It contain 7 days. The for loop iterates through all the enum values.

enum Days { Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday }

void main() {
 // Days.values: It returns all the values of the enum.
  for (Days day in Days.values) {
    print(day);
  }
}

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Advantages Of Enum In Dart

It is used to define a set of named constants.
Makes your code more readable and maintainable.
It makes the code more reusable and makes it easier for developers.

Characteristics Of Enum

It must contain at least one constant value.
Enums are declared outside the class.
Used to store a large number of constant values.

Enhanced Enum In Dart

In dart, you can declare enums with members. For example, for your accounting software you can store company types like Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Corporation, and Limited Liability Company. You can declare an enum with members as shown below.

enum CompanyType {
  soleProprietorship("Sole Proprietorship"),
  partnership("Partnership"),
  corporation("Corporation"),
  limitedLiabilityCompany("Limited Liability Company");

  // Members
  final String text;
  const CompanyType(this.text);
}

void main() {
  CompanyType soleProprietorship = CompanyType.soleProprietorship;
  print(soleProprietorship.text);
}

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Video

Watch our video on enum in Dart.